Two out of every three Malawians experience violence in childhood while one in every five girls were sexually abused before they celebrated their 18th birthday, and nearly 2 out of every 3 boys suffered physical violence before the age of 18, a Violence against Children and Young Women Study (VACS) to be launched tomorrow [25 March] has revealed.
“It is sometimes too easy to get bogged down in percentages and rates of abuse resulting in desensitization of the sheer number of children who have suffered violations. 7 percent of girls suffering forced or pressured sex during their childhoods means that approximately 315,000 girls were defiled. 6.5 percent of boys being physically abused to the point that they suffered broken or permanent injury equates to nearly 300,000 victims. Every child has a right to enjoy a safe and protected environment both at school and home,” said Mahimbo Mdoe, UNICEF Country Representative for Malawi said today in a statement.
The study, Malawi’s first nationally representative examination of the problem of violence against children looks at the experiences of sexual, physical and emotional violence.
According to the report, violence against children has become a social norm in most communities across the country.
The findings of the report are contained in a study funded by DFID and conducted by the Ministry of Gender, Children, Disability and Social Welfare (MoGCDSW), the Center for Social Research at the University of Malawi, UNICEF Malawi and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDCC).
The focus groups were 18-24 year old Malawians (establishing how often children are abused during childhood) and 13-17 years olds (establishing how children were abused in the past year).
According to the report, service seeking behaviors for victims of abuse is generally poor in Malawi. About 60 percent of children tell someone about their experience of abuse, usually a friend or family member, however, less than 10 percent of violence victims ever receive professional services.
Further the report highlights that violence has become a social norm. A majority of boys for example do not report the physical violence they suffer because they do not view it as a problem. On the other hand, the study established that one-third of 13-17 year old females who did not report the physical violence they experienced did so because they thought it was their fault.
Additionally, the study revealed that 42 percent of young women believed it is acceptable for a husband to beat his wife under certain circumstances. 41 percent of young women, according to the report believe, a woman should tolerate violence to keep the family together.
“Now is the time to break the silence and end violence against children and women. The fight to end violence will require a multi-sectoral response. More focus needs to be placed on prevention and awareness raising on the costs and effects of violence and above all, addressing the harmful social norms that promote it,” said Patricia Kaliati, Minister of Gender, Children, Disability and Social Welfare.
Violence against children leaves detrimental effects on the victims. According to the report, children who experience violence are more likely to suffer from mental distress, indulge in smoking and alcohol abuse, contract Sexually Transmitted Infections (STIs) and engage in self harming behaviors.
The lack of studies on violence against children and women in Malawi has been a major barrier towards effective action to combat the problem. The Special Representative of the Secretary General (SRSG) on Violence against Children (VAC) visiting Malawi for the launch said:
“I encourage the Government to integrate the findings from the research into its overall policy agenda and build on this productive cross-departmental collaboration. The elimination of all forms of violence against children must be a core indicator of national social development. It should be a reference for all government sectors, for the budget and for relevant coordinating mechanisms, with a clear monitoring and evaluation plan, including independent reporting to Parliament, to assess progress and maintain momentum”.
Again the fact that a majority of abused children tell someone about their ordeal is an opportunity for targeted services towards both the children and the people they tell. There is need to make sure that both groups know where to seek services and the importance of seeking services. Sexually abused children could for example seek medical attention, counselling and legal aid at UNICEF-supported One-Stop Centres located at major referral hospitals across the country.
In Malawi, there are 300 Community Victim Support Units, 6000 Community based Childcare Centres and 2500 children corners. With funding from DFID, UNICEF-supports initiatives such as Police Victim Support Units, Community Victim Support Units, Child Helpline and One-Stop-Centres aimed at ensuring that children are protected from violence, abuse, exploitation and neglect.
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About THE REPORT
The Violence against Children and Young People Survey is Malawi’s first ever baseline on the prevalence of violence against children and young people. It was conducted in 2013. The findings of the study are expected to trigger debate and discussions on how to eliminate violence against children.
Read details from the full study here: (www.unicef.org/malawi)
