Tikolole motani chimanga?

Alimi m’madera a dziko lino amakolola chimanga mosiyanasiyana malingana ndi kuzolowera kwawo koma mphunzitsi wa kunthambi ya za maphunziro a za ulangizi ku Lilongwe University of Agriculture and Natural Resources (Luanar) Paul Fatch akuti njirazi zili ndi ubwino ndi kuipa kwake. Chachikulu, iye adati mlimi amayenera kukonzekera kuthana ndi zinthu zomwe zikhoza kudza kaamba ka njira yomwe akugwiritsa ntchito. ESMIE KOMWA adacheza naye motere:

Kodi ndi zinthu zanji zomwe mlimi akuyenera kukonzekera pokolola chimanga?

Mlimi ayenera akonzekera masaka kapena malona oikapo chimanga akamakolola kuti chisakhudze pansi, zonyamulira chimanga chake akamaliza kukolola komanso kukonza pofikira mbewuyi kunyumba. Chinthu china chomwe akuyenera kukumbukira n’choti nankafumbwe sachedwa kulowa m’chimanga ndi kuyamba kuononga choncho akuyenera kukonzekera kutonola ndi kuthira mankhwala mwachangu. Chifukwa cha ichi, mlimi aganizire za matumba, mankhwala ophera anamkafumbwe ndi malo osunga kuti akamaliza kukolola, chisakhalitse chisadaikidwe mankhwala.

Nanga ndi zizindikiro zanji zosonyeza kuti chimanga chafika pokololedwa?

Mlimi amayenera akolole chimanga chake pamene chaloza pansi. Panthawiyi, chimanga chimakhala chakhwima komanso chauma bwino choncho kuchisunga sichionongeka.

Kodi mlimi amayenera akolole chimanga chake motani?

Pali njira ziwiri zokololera chimanga. Njira yoyamba ndi yoika m’mikuku kapena kuti m’milu. Njirayi, choyambirira mlimi amadula mapesi chimanga chenichenicho chidakali kumapesiwo n’kumachiunjirira pamodzi. Akamaliza kudulako, amadikira kwa masiku angapo kenako amayamba kuchotsa chimanga ku mapesiwo. Njira yachiwiri, ndi yongokochola chimanga osati kuika m’mikuku. Njirayi, mlimi amangolowa m’munda n’kuyamba kusenda chimanga paphesi lililonse mpaka kumaliza munda onse.

Ubwino wa njira yoika m’mikuku ndi wotani?

Ubwino woyamba ndi woti chimanga chimamalizika kuuma bwino chikakhala pamkukupo kwa masiku angapo. Ubwino wina ndi woti zimathandizira kuti mlimi athe kuchotsa chimanga chonse m’mundamo chifukwa koyambirira amakhala ngati wasetsa mapesi onse a chimanga n’kuwaika pamodzi komanso posenda, amatenga phesi limodzi kufikira amalize. Chimanga amachiika paokha mapesi paokha.

Nanga kuipa kwa njirayi  n’kotani?

Mwatsoka, ngati kwagwa mvula chimanga chija chidakali pamkuku, chimanyowa kotero china chimaonongeka. Chimanga chikakhalitsa pamkukupo, chimakweredwa ndi chiswe. Kuipa kwina n’koti n’kovuta kuchita ulimi wa mleranthaka chifukwa mlimi amakhala ngati wachotsa mapesiwo.

Nanga ubwino wochithyola ndi wotani?

Njirayi ndi yabwino kumbali ya ulimi wa mleranthaka chifukwa pakapita nthawi, mlimi ngati akutsatira ulimiwu, amayenera adule mapesi aja n’kuwagoneka pansi kuti aolerane.

Nanga kuipa kwa njirayi n’kotani?

Chimanga ngati chakololedwa chisanaumitsitse, mlimi amayenera akakafika nacho kunyumba akayanike kufikira chitauma bwino. Kuipa kwina n’koti, kumafuna kuonetsetsa pokolola paja chifukwa kupanda kutero, chimanga china chimatsalira m’munda momwemo.

Nanga ndi zinthu zanji zomwe mlimi akuyenera kusamalitsa pokolola?

Choyambirira, akamachotsa chimanga chija ku mapesi ndikumaika pamulu asamaponye chifukwa china chimasorekera m’munda momwemo. Ndi bwino kuti pamulu pomwe akuikapo chimanga chosendasenda, aziyalapo chinthu kuti ngati china chizisoleka, chizigwerapo ndipo athe kuchitengera kunyumba komanso zimathandizira kuti chisagunde pansi pomwe pakhoza kukhala chinyontho. Chinthu china, mlimi akamaliza kukolola munda wonse, akuyenera ayendere kuonetsetsa kuti chimanga chonse wachotsa m’mundamo.

Nanga mawu anu omaliza kwa alimi pamene akukonzekera kukolola chimanga ndiotani?

Chinthu china chofunikira kwambiri ndi choti alimi apewe zitsotso ku mbewuyi pamene akukolola chifukwa zimayambitsa chukwu. Chukwu ndi choopsa chifukwa chimatulutsa poyizoni yemwe amachepetsa chitetezo cha m’thupi choncho munthu amadwaladwala kapena kumwalira kumene. Kuonjezera apo, chimayambitsa matenda a khansa, chimasokoneza mphamvu yobereka, chimachepetsa chilakolako cha chakudya komanso chimaononga malonda a chimanga.